Packet #187854

Database ID:	187854
Mesh Packet ID:	`0xc273b2e5` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-04-05 08:29:43 UTC
From Node:	!2127d7f8 (d7f8)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	TELEMETRY_APP Port: 67

Gateway:	☘️🦙0: Take Me 🏠 Country Nodes (LRG0)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-121 dBm
SNR:	-19.5 dBm
Hop Info:	3/4 hops Start: 4, Limit: 1
Relay Node:	`15` Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet

Battery:	82%
Voltage:	4.00 V
Channel Usage:	11.8%
Air Util TX:	2.3%

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	29 bytes
Gateway:	!16c3f37c
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	TELEMETRY_APP
Hop Count:	3 / 4

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 3 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!16c3f37c` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (29 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`556259320` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`67` TELEMETRY_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`29` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`1` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`4` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`3` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-121.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-19.50` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1775377783` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`21` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1775377783.603005` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (3 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!16c3f37c`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -121.0 dBm SNR: -19.50 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	TELEMETRY_APP
Size:	29 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "time": 1766987561, "device_metrics": { "battery_level": 82, "voltage": 4.004, "channel_utilization": 11.761667, "air_util_tx": 2.3135834, "uptime_seconds": 9206593 } }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!16c3f37c", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 556259320, "to": 4294967295, "id": 3262362341, "rx_time": 1775377783, "rx_snr": -19.5, "rx_rssi": -121, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 4, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 21, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 67, "payload": "0d291752691216085215c52080401dca2f3c4125c011144028c1f6b104", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "time": 1766987561, "device_metrics": { "battery_level": 82, "voltage": 4.004, "channel_utilization": 11.761667, "air_util_tx": 2.3135834, "uptime_seconds": 9206593 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TELEMETRY_APP", "message_class": "Telemetry" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (29 bytes)

0d291752691216085215c52080401dca2f3c4125c011144028c1f6b104

Hex Analysis:

Size:	29 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #187854 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data:

Device Metrics: