Packet #248418

Database ID:	248418
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x92807889` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-04-08 23:17:13 UTC
From Node:	MT-Solar c993 (c993)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	☘️🦙0: Take Me 🏠 Country Nodes (LRG0)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-112 dBm
SNR:	-10.5 dBm
Hop Info:	3/5 hops Start: 5, Limit: 2
Relay Node:	`34` 🛖 Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Long Name:	MT-Solar c993
Short Name:	c993
Node ID:	!3cf6c993
MAC Address:	3n089smT
Hardware:	RAK4631

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	78 bytes
Gateway:	!16c3f37c
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	3 / 5

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 3 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!16c3f37c` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (78 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`1022806419` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`78` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`2` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`5` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`3` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-112.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-10.50` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1775690232` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`52` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1775690233.683172` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (3 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!16c3f37c`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -112.0 dBm SNR: -10.50 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	78 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!3cf6c993", "long_name": "MT-Solar c993", "short_name": "c993", "macaddr": "3n089smT", "hw_model": "RAK4631" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!16c3f37c", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 1022806419, "to": 4294967295, "id": 2457893001, "rx_time": 1775690232, "rx_snr": -10.5, "rx_rssi": -112, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 5, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 52, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a09213363663663393933120d4d542d536f6c617220633939331a04633939332206de7d3cf6c9932809422069f5a72c56fbdd39bfd907bd426b8c5bc0fcac69fbc04b4c9ca9bf15080b41594800", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!3cf6c993", "long_name": "MT-Solar c993", "short_name": "c993", "macaddr": "3n089smT", "hw_model": "RAK4631", "public_key": "afWnLFb73Tm/2Qe9QmuMW8D8rGn7wEtMnKm/FQgLQVk=", "is_unmessagable": false, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (78 bytes)

0a09213363663663393933120d4d542d536f6c617220633939331a04633939332206de7d3cf6c9932809422069f5a72c56fbdd39bfd907bd426b8c5bc0fcac69fbc04b4c9ca9bf15080b41594800

Hex Analysis:

Size:	78 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #248418 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: